Division
- Soon after Alexander the Great died, his generals rushed to claim his vast empire
- The land was claimed by his three generals and separated into three different states
- The Antigonid Empire ruled by Antigonus took over Greece and Macedon, where they ruled strongly until the Romans invaded
- The Ptolemic Dynasty ruled by Ptolemy took Egypt and settled there, but lost their land to the Romans
- The Seleucid Empire ruled by Seleucus was the largest part of the empire, made up of the former Achaemenid Empire, and stretched from Bactria to Anatolia; they were displaced by the Parthians in 200 B.C.E.